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Health authorities


Overarching

Recommendation 1: That the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions work with the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Children and Family Development to conduct a review, after consulting with health authorities, First Nations, Métis Nation and urban Indigenous communities and leadership and other appropriate bodies, into the use of involuntary mental health care for children and youth to identify the conditions that are contributing to its increased use, and identify immediate opportunities to provide voluntary interventions or improve practices that would reduce involuntary admissions. Review to be complete by Jan. 1, 2022.


Overarching

Recommendation 2: That the Ministry of Health require health authorities to collect and report key information pertaining to children and youth admitted under the Mental Health Act in a way that is standardized across the province and reported regularly, including but not limited to:

  • identity factors (ethnicity, gender identity);
  • Indigeneity – First Nations, Métis and Inuit identity;
  • standardized length of stay data across all hospital settings; admissions of children on a voluntary basis at the request of their parents;
  • requests for, and outcomes of, second medical opinions;
  • detailed seclusion and restraint data; data related to extended leave;
  • outcomes related to quality of care, effectiveness and patient satisfaction.
This work to be completed by June 1, 2022.


Rights

Recommendation 6: That the Ministry of Health in co-operation with the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions and the health authorities assess the appropriateness and accessibility of the information currently provided to children and youth and develop new information using multiple formats and media to better support young people to understand what’s happening to them and what their rights and options are when detained under the Mental Health Act. Youth with lived expertise to be engaged to advise on the information that is most helpful and how best to make information available to children and youth. Information to be developed by Dec. 1, 2021.


Rights

Recommendation 8: That the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions put forward amendments to the Mental Health Act after actively engaging and consulting with health authorities, First Nations, Métis Nation and urban Indigenous communities and leadership and other appropriate bodies, that will ensure children and youth who are detained under the Mental Health Act have the right to retain personal items that do not pose a risk to their safety or the safety of others and continue practices that support their physical, emotional, mental, spiritual and relational wellbeing and their sense of identity. Amendments to be put forward by May 1, 2022.


Treatment

Recommendation 9: That the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions and the First Nations Health Authority actively engage and consult with First Nations, Métis Nation and urban Indigenous leadership and communities to identify changes needed in order to ensure that First Nations, Métis, Inuit and urban Indigenous children and youth are provided with trauma-informed, culturally safe and attuned mental health services, including a diversity of treatment modalities specific to their unique culture, when detained under the Mental Health Act. Changes to be identified by Sept. 1, 2021 and implemented in full by Sept. 1, 2022.


Treatment

Recommendation 10: That the Ministry of Health, in partnership with the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions and the health authorities, undertake a comprehensive review of practices for:

  1. children under 16 who have been “voluntarily” admitted, and take all necessary legal and administrative measures to ensure that “mature minor” capacity assessments are carried out where treatment is proposed, that the results of those assessments are recorded, and that physicians understand their duty to comply with the views of a mature minor regarding treatment, subject only to the order of a court;
  2. children assessed as mature minors who have been involuntarily admitted, and take all necessary legal and administrative measures to ensure that (i) despite the deemed consent provisions, the views of the young person are obtained, recorded and carefully considered before treatment decisions are made, and (ii) treatment information is conveyed in a manner that children and youth may understand.
Review to be complete by March 1, 2022.


Treatment

Recommendation 11: That the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions put forward amendments to the Mental Health Act after actively engaging and consulting with health authorities, First Nations, Métis Nation and urban Indigenous communities and leadership and other appropriate bodies to ensure that, for children and youth who are detained under the Mental Health Act, isolation and restraint are:

  • only used as a last resort when all other interventions have been exhausted, and
  • only used in accordance with specific legislative or regulatory criteria including assessment, time limits, reviews, documentation and reporting requirements.
Amendments to be put forward by May 1, 2022.


Reviews

Recommendation 13: That the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions put forward amendments to the Mental Health Act after actively engaging and consulting with health authorities, First Nations, Métis Nation and urban Indigenous communities and leadership and other appropriate bodies to create mandatory periodic Mental Health Review Board reviews for (i) involuntarily detained children and youth, and (ii) children under 16 who are admitted at the request of their parents, to ensure that such reviews do not depend on the child’s knowledge or ability to make such a request. Mandatory reviews should only be conducted with the consent of the child or youth or their representative. Amendments to be put forward by May 1, 2022


Reviews

Recommendation 14: That the Mental Health Review Board pilot a new Review Board hearing process for children and youth that centres the young person and is trauma-informed and culturally attuned after actively engaging and consulting with health authorities, First Nations, Métis Nation and urban Indigenous communities and leadership and other appropriate bodies. Pilot to be operational by Oct. 1, 2022.


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