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Recommendation 6:
That the parties to the bilateral and tripartite First Nations health plans and agreements work in co-operation with B.C. First Nations to establish expectations for addressing commitments in those agreements that have not been honoured, and for how those expectations will be met through renewed structures and agreements that are consistent with the implementation of DRIPA.
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Recommendation 12:
That the Ombudsperson consider including a focus on Indigenous-specific racism in the health care system as a key priority and seek input from appropriate partners on current plans to strengthen this priority through engagement, special activities to promote greater fairness in public services to Indigenous peoples, and reporting to the public on progress.
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Recommendation 1:
That the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions work with the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Children and Family Development to conduct a review, after consulting with health authorities, First Nations, Métis Nation and urban Indigenous communities and leadership and other appropriate bodies, into the use of involuntary mental health care for children and youth to identify the conditions that are contributing to its increased use, and identify immediate opportunities to provide voluntary interventions or improve practices that would reduce involuntary admissions. Review to be complete by Jan. 1, 2022.
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Recommendation 9:
That the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions and the First Nations Health Authority actively engage and consult with First Nations, Métis Nation and urban Indigenous leadership and communities to identify changes needed in order to ensure that First Nations, Métis, Inuit and urban Indigenous children and youth are provided with trauma-informed, culturally safe and attuned mental health services, including a diversity of treatment modalities specific to their unique culture, when detained under the Mental Health Act. Changes to be identified by Sept. 1, 2021 and implemented in full by Sept. 1, 2022.
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Recommendation 10:
That the Ministry of Health, in partnership with the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions and the health authorities, undertake a comprehensive review of practices for:
- children under 16 who have been “voluntarily” admitted, and take all necessary legal and administrative measures to ensure that “mature minor” capacity assessments are carried out where treatment is proposed, that the results of those assessments are recorded, and that physicians understand their duty to comply with the views of a mature minor regarding treatment, subject only to the order of a court;
- children assessed as mature minors who have been involuntarily admitted, and take all necessary legal and administrative measures to ensure that (i) despite the deemed consent provisions, the views of the young person are obtained, recorded and carefully considered before treatment decisions are made, and (ii) treatment information is conveyed in a manner that children and youth may understand.
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Recommendation 3:
That the Ministry of Health, in partnership with the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions and the health authorities, review and reconcile s.20(a)(ii) of the Mental Health Act that permits the designated director to admit a child under 16 on a voluntary basis at the request of their parent or guardian with the mature minor doctrine. Review to be complete by Jan. 1, 2022.
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Recommendation 4:
That the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions actively engage and consult with First Nations, Métis Nation and urban Indigenous health bodies and leadership to develop a process to enable a child or youth to notify their community or Nation of their involuntary admission. To be complete by Sept. 1, 2021.
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Recommendation 7:
That the Ministry of Health work with the health authorities to develop a process to ensure that First Nations, Métis or Inuit children or youth who are either detained under the Mental Health Act or are under 16 and admitted by their parent/legal guardian are offered services by hospital staff who assist Indigenous patients such as navigators, liaison nurses, nurse practitioners and Elders in residence. Process to be developed and operational by Jan. 1, 2022.
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Recommendation 2:
That the Ministry of Health require health authorities to collect and report key information pertaining to children and youth admitted under the Mental Health Act in a way that is standardized across the province and reported regularly, including but not limited to:
- identity factors (ethnicity, gender identity);
- Indigeneity – First Nations, Métis and Inuit identity;
- standardized length of stay data across all hospital settings; admissions of children on a voluntary basis at the request of their parents;
- requests for, and outcomes of, second medical opinions;
- detailed seclusion and restraint data; data related to extended leave;
- outcomes related to quality of care, effectiveness and patient satisfaction.
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Recommendation 6:
That the Ministry of Health in co-operation with the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions and the health authorities assess the appropriateness and accessibility of the information currently provided to children and youth and develop new information using multiple formats and media to better support young people to understand what’s happening to them and what their rights and options are when detained under the Mental Health Act. Youth with lived expertise to be engaged to advise on the information that is most helpful and how best to make information available to children and youth. Information to be developed by Dec. 1, 2021.
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