Recommendations for systemic reform

Recommendation 1: The BC government should work with Indigenous communities to undertake a comprehensive and transparent assessment of the steps that need to be taken to address the disparities in the social determinants of health for Indigenous peoples in BC.

The legal context: Assessing the child welfare legislation from a rights-based framework

THE STATE’S POSITIVE OBLIGATION TO PREVENT AND ADDRESS FAMILY VIOLENCE

Recommendation 2: States should allocate adequate resources to address risk factors and prevent violence before it occurs. Policies and programmes should address immediate risk factors, such as a lack of parent-child attachment, family breakdown, abuse of alcohol or drugs, and access to rearms. In line with the Millennium Development Goals, attention should be focused on economic and social policies that address poverty, gender and other forms of inequality, income gaps, unemployment, urban overcrowding, and other factors which undermine society

Recommendations for legislative reform

Recommendation 7: MCFD should amend the CFCSA to reflect the right of the child to not be separated from their family by reason only of their parent or guardian:

1. lacking the same or similar economic and social advantages as others in BC society;
2. engaging is substance use or coping with addiction when a parent is actively pursuing or participating in addiction services; or
3. having a disability.

Recommendations for legislative reform

Recommendation 9: MCFD should review the legislation to assess how the legislation could support a more accountable and robust legal framework for prevention-based supports including by:

1. Adding a comprehensive list of functions for MCFD at the beginning of the legislation which includes:
   1. working with community and social services to alleviate and remedy the socio-economic conditions that place families at risk;
   2. developing and providing services and supports before and after intervention;
   3. proactively identifying groups of children the recognition and realization of whose rights may require MCFD to undertake special measures and develop special programming
2. Replace the reference of prevention services in section 2(c) of the CFCSA, with a legislative provision that places a binding and measurable obligation on the Ministry to provide supports to keep families together who are at risk of having their children apprehended. The provision should place a positive obligation on the Ministry to take active efforts to provide remedial services and rehabilitative programs designed to prevent the breakup of the child’s family. The courts must then be satisfied that these active efforts proved unsuccessful in keeping the family together.
3. Expand the list of supports under section 5 to include:
   1. improving the family’s financial situation;
   2. improving the family’s housing situation;
   3. improving parenting skills;
   4. improving child-care and child-rearing capabilities;
   5. improving homemaking skills;
   6. drug or alcohol treatment and rehabilitation;
   7. providing child care;
   8. mediation of disputes;
   9. self-help and empowerment of parents whose children have been, are or may be in need of protective services; and,
   10. transition supports for families who have just had a child apprehended or returned.

Recommendations for improving financial supports

Recommendation 12: The provincial government must immediately raise welfare and disability rates to the Market Basket Measure (MBM), index them to the cost of living, and remove arbitrary barriers.

Recommendations for improving financial supports

Recommendation 13: In the meantime, the BC government and MCFD should bridge the gap between the current welfare and disability rates and the MBM for all families that are at risk of having children apprehended by MCFD.

Recommendations for improving financial supports

Recommendation 18: MCFD should undertake a legislative review and financial policy review to ensure that all kinship caregivers are receiving the Child Tax Benefit and other benefits for each dependent in their care.

Recommendations for improving prevention-based efforts

Recommendation 19: The BC government and MCFD should increase preventative program funding to Indigenous communities for existing or new promising practices. Funding must be equitable, sustained and long-term, and cover the delivery of holistic services as identified by communities. Funding should cover services such as:

• Human resource needs of community-based groups including issues with retention, burn out, inequity in pay scales etc.
• In-home support
• Pregnancy support and baby welcoming programs
• Transition support programming for families after children have been removed or upon being returned home
• Supports for parents whose children are in care
• Provide in-home support immediately as a tool to prevent removal
• Funding for cultural programming that is consistent and frequent

Recommendations for improving prevention-based efforts

Recommendation 25: Children in temporary care must be kept within an accessible distance to the parent with due consideration to the parents’ circumstances (financial etc). Where a child needs to be close to their home nation, parents must be given financial supports to ensure that there is adequate access to maintain family connection.