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Recommendation 2:
Recognize that the Indigenous understandings of Indigenous cultural heritage are both tangible and intangible and are holistic, integrated, fulsome, and inclusive. This will require moving away from the narrow focus on ‘archaeological’ material culture currently common to the interpretation of the heritage legislation such as the Heritage Conservation Act and the delineation of a set date of 1846 as archaeological in nature.
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Recommendation 13:
Recognize and protect Indigenous cultural heritage places of significance and places that are endangered yearly through the application of legislative tools for heritage recognition and protection and through provision of funding for projects and initiatives designed to safeguarding such places. This must include a public registry of Indigenous cultural heritage places that allows Indigenous communities to control which places may be publicly known.
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Recommendation 18:
Provide support for a committee, such as the FPCC Indigenous Cultural Heritage Advisory Committee, of qualified Indigenous experts to advise B.C. on a case-by-case basis on shared Indigenous and non-Indigenous cultural heritage interests.
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Recommendation 21:
Provide specific funding for Indigenous-led initiatives to commemorate and interpret Indigenous cultural heritage. Such funding should be broadly distributed according to each Indigenous Nation’s current capacity and needs. For example, there is a need for Indigenous communities to work internally in the form of committees or working groups to decide how they want to commemorate sites of trauma, such as residential schools, and how the process of commemoration should unfold.
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Recommendation 6:
Provide post-arrival orientation sessions
Post-arrival orientation sessions conducted by legal advocates in the region that cover priority areas of legal need, a description of how and where migrant workers are to access pertinent legal information online, as well as information about how to access community and legal services, would ensure that migrant workers are armed with the information they need at the start of their employment, thereby increasing their ability to self-advocate and prevent legal problems from occurring later on.
In order to ensure that migrant workers attend, sessions would also be mandatory with a requirement on the part of employers to facilitate access, including providing transportation to and from the session. Sessions are delivered in the worker’s first language.
Post-arrival orientation sessions conducted by legal advocates in the region that cover priority areas of legal need, a description of how and where migrant workers are to access pertinent legal information online, as well as information about how to access community and legal services, would ensure that migrant workers are armed with the information they need at the start of their employment, thereby increasing their ability to self-advocate and prevent legal problems from occurring later on.
In order to ensure that migrant workers attend, sessions would also be mandatory with a requirement on the part of employers to facilitate access, including providing transportation to and from the session. Sessions are delivered in the worker’s first language.
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Recommendation 7:
Provide ongoing mobile legal clinics
Mobile legal clinics were identified as an effective means to reach workers in remote areas of the province with little access to transportation or services. Legal advocates would coordinate with community service providers to provide mobile clinics on an as-needed basis on farms and other rural locations at times that are convenient for workers to attend. Mobile legal clinics would allow workers to receive individual legal advice regarding their particular issues.
Public legal education workshops or information sessions may also be provided in conjunction with the mobile clinics according to the needs of the migrant workers in the various low-wage streams of the TFWP.
Mobile legal clinics were identified as an effective means to reach workers in remote areas of the province with little access to transportation or services. Legal advocates would coordinate with community service providers to provide mobile clinics on an as-needed basis on farms and other rural locations at times that are convenient for workers to attend. Mobile legal clinics would allow workers to receive individual legal advice regarding their particular issues.
Public legal education workshops or information sessions may also be provided in conjunction with the mobile clinics according to the needs of the migrant workers in the various low-wage streams of the TFWP.
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Recommendation 1:
Prioritizing affordable housing is essential for poverty reduction and economic security of women experiencing violence.
This community needs assessment and review of the academic and grey literature clearly shows that women experiencing violence face many challenges to securing affordable housing, with the most foundational barrier being unaffordability of housing and chronic poverty. Women experiencing violence need to find housing that is actually affordable (no more than 30% of her income) so that they are able to avoid a cycle of poverty.
We recommend that all levels of government commit to building adequate and affordable housing that fits the needs of women and their children experiencing violence.
This community needs assessment and review of the academic and grey literature clearly shows that women experiencing violence face many challenges to securing affordable housing, with the most foundational barrier being unaffordability of housing and chronic poverty. Women experiencing violence need to find housing that is actually affordable (no more than 30% of her income) so that they are able to avoid a cycle of poverty.
We recommend that all levels of government commit to building adequate and affordable housing that fits the needs of women and their children experiencing violence.
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Recommendation 3:
Partnerships are vital to reducing barriers for women experiencing violence.
Many of the barriers that women face in finding affordable long term housing can be reduced through partnerships across sectors and awareness building about the impacts of violence against women. While affordability and availability of housing are major barriers for people impacted by increasing unaffordability in BC, women experiencing violence face additional specific barriers due to their circumstances. We can see that barriers such as a lack of references, access to childcare or understanding their housing options are obstacles that can be better solved with partnerships.
We recommend that this project continues to build partnerships between transition houses, government, and the housing sector to help address and work towards improving these types of barriers.
Many of the barriers that women face in finding affordable long term housing can be reduced through partnerships across sectors and awareness building about the impacts of violence against women. While affordability and availability of housing are major barriers for people impacted by increasing unaffordability in BC, women experiencing violence face additional specific barriers due to their circumstances. We can see that barriers such as a lack of references, access to childcare or understanding their housing options are obstacles that can be better solved with partnerships.
We recommend that this project continues to build partnerships between transition houses, government, and the housing sector to help address and work towards improving these types of barriers.
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Recommendation 2:
Increase the supply of dedicated legal information and advocacy services
An increased supply of dedicated legal advocates and community service providers in regions of the province with high concentrations of migrant workers would address the issue of inadequate availability of pro bono legal information and services.
Data collected from the focus groups indicates a strong need for a network of trained service providers who understand the specific situation of migrant workers according to the regulations of the low-wage streams of the TFWP, and the unique ways in which immigration law intersects with their employment in the province.
Legal advocates, under the supervision of a Supervising Lawyer, would provide direct legal advocacy services in the areas of law that are identified as priority needs (immigration, employment, and housing) and not otherwise offered by other legal advocates in the region to avoid service duplication. Supervision by lawyers would ensure accountability for services provided.
Legal advocates would work in a coordinated way with community service providers, who are already working to provide assistance to migrant workers and whose capacity to conduct outreach and provide legal information and referrals to legal services is enhanced through training by lawyers, which can include lawyers who work for non-profit organizations, such as Migrant Workers Centre or Community Legal Assistance Society, or supervising lawyers in the region.
Community service providers would receive training on how to identify legal issues; find accurate legal information online; use the dedicated website; when and how to make referrals to legal advocates and other services; and how to distribute and help workers to understand legal information materials.
To the greatest extent possible, legal advocates would be multilingual and provide services in migrant workers’ first language. The placement of multilingual law students to work with legal advocates through co-ops or other programs for course credit could also play an important role in increasing access to justice for migrant workers.
An increased supply of dedicated legal advocates and community service providers in regions of the province with high concentrations of migrant workers would address the issue of inadequate availability of pro bono legal information and services.
Data collected from the focus groups indicates a strong need for a network of trained service providers who understand the specific situation of migrant workers according to the regulations of the low-wage streams of the TFWP, and the unique ways in which immigration law intersects with their employment in the province.
Legal advocates, under the supervision of a Supervising Lawyer, would provide direct legal advocacy services in the areas of law that are identified as priority needs (immigration, employment, and housing) and not otherwise offered by other legal advocates in the region to avoid service duplication. Supervision by lawyers would ensure accountability for services provided.
Legal advocates would work in a coordinated way with community service providers, who are already working to provide assistance to migrant workers and whose capacity to conduct outreach and provide legal information and referrals to legal services is enhanced through training by lawyers, which can include lawyers who work for non-profit organizations, such as Migrant Workers Centre or Community Legal Assistance Society, or supervising lawyers in the region.
Community service providers would receive training on how to identify legal issues; find accurate legal information online; use the dedicated website; when and how to make referrals to legal advocates and other services; and how to distribute and help workers to understand legal information materials.
To the greatest extent possible, legal advocates would be multilingual and provide services in migrant workers’ first language. The placement of multilingual law students to work with legal advocates through co-ops or other programs for course credit could also play an important role in increasing access to justice for migrant workers.
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Recommendation 7:
In addressing Recommendation 6, recognize five key points from “Why Intangible Heritage Matters” (Nicholas 2014):
- Heritage protection and management remain focused on the tangible;
- However, no object or place has meaning without the intangible values ascribed;
- For Indigenous peoples, the tangible and intangible are often indivisible, which has substantial implications for heritage protection;
- A double standard exists regarding how Indigenous intangible heritage, including Traditional Knowledge, and Western Science are valued or treated.
- Efforts to decolonize heritage research and to implement such developments as the UNDRIP will continue to fail if intangible heritage is ignored.
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